izinto, mathiriyali, kwaye iimveliso)
Intellectual property (IP) ezikhuselweyo yi-ezahlukeneyo imithetho, kuquka-Siseko we-isirashiya (Inqaku), isirussian Zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi (Inxalenye IV), kwaye nezinye ezininzi wesizwe nemithetho nemiqathango ngokunjalo ngamazwe treaties, apho Us yi iqelaBasically, IP inika yayo umnini elililo kwaye exclusive amalungelo okusebenzisa, ukulahla kwaye enforce ezahlukeneyo iziphumo intellectual umsebenzi (umz inventions, designs, kuncwadi kwaye artistic imisebenzi) kwaye kuthetha ka-individualization (umz iimpawu zokurhweba, urhwebo amagama, kwaye appellations lemveli) ngokuchasene wesithathu amaqela. I-IP amalungelo yandisa ukuba ezahlukeneyo iifomu ka-proprietary amalungelo ezifana patents, copyrights, nokwazi-njani, iimpawu zokurhweba, commercial designations, i-software, isiseko sedata, topologies ka-esihlangeneyo circuits, kwaye achievements of action (oko kukuthi mzi-iintlobo ezithile kwaye yezilwanyana breeds). I wachaza IP ngokulawulwa-imicimbi uya ikhuselwe ngokusecaleni kwendawo propati amalungelo vested kwi-tangible medium zabo intetho (umz. Ngexesha elinye, phantse yonke imveliso ukuba anikezwe kuba ziyathengiswa babe ziqulathe eyodwa IP ngokulawulwa imicimbi. Umzekelo, ikhompyutha okanye tablet uza involve ezithile software (ezikhuselweyo nge umthetho wamalungelo awodwa ombhali) kwaye hardware imimandla (ezikhuselweyo yi-patent umthetho) kwaye iya kuba zihanjiswe phantsi i-nabafana lemveliso (ezikhuselweyo yi-trademark umthetho). Yiyo loo nto, indima ye-IP, phakathi kwezinye impahla yexabiso ngu ezibalulekileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba drive uqoqosho urhwebo jikelele. IP ubomi-ukujonga iqhele experiencing zilandelayo kwalomgaqo-siseko stages: (i) ndalo (oko kukuthi development) (ii) ukukhuselwa (umz zobhaliso) (iii) nephepha ukukhutshelwa (oko kukuthi eyenziweyo), kwaye (iv) ukunyanzeliswa (umz litigation). Kangangokuba, ngamnye iqonga babe involve overlapping ka-IP imithetho kunye nezinye kwiindawo imithetho. Umzekelo,"imisebenzi"iqonga ukholisa zidibane IP imiba kunye afanelekileyo contractual, abarhwebayo kwaye employments imiba imigaqo"umyalelo wokhuselo"iqonga liya ngokuqhelekileyo zidibane IP imiba neenombolo iteknoloji, kwezolawulo kunye norhulumente budlelwane imiba imigaqo"nephepha unikezelo"iqonga liya ngokuqhelekileyo zidibane IP imiba neenombolo contractual, ushishino, irhafu, izibhengezo kwaye consumer protection imiba imigaqo"ukunyanzeliswa"iqonga liya ordinarily zidibane IP imiba neenombolo imbambano isisombululo, arbitration kwaye mediation imiba imigaqo.
Yiyo loo nto, IP ngu leqela le indawo ngumthetho ukuba consolidates abaninzi ukuba nabaqondisi-mthetho eliphetheyo.
Enyanisweni, IP izikhundla ka-ezininzi iinkampani eyiyo uninzi ixabiso kwaye profits yabo amashishini. Ke ngoko, ukukhusela, commercializing, kwaye enforcing IP amalungelo kubalulekile ukusuka zonke isemthethweni kwaye isebenziseke perspectives.
