I-Russian, ulwaphulo-Mthetho Ikhowudi (Russian, imibuzo ishunqulwe) yi prime imvelaphi Umthetho isirashiya malunga ulwaphulo-mthetho offencesOdlulileyo, ulwaphulo-Mthetho Ikhowudi ye-isirashiya yaqalisa umkhosi ngomhla woku- kujanuwari. Ngaphezu koko, kwi- januwari Umongameli Yeltsin esayiniweyo Yolwaphulo-Yentilongo Ikhowudi ukulawula iimeko ye-izivakalisi. Omtsha, ulwaphulo-Mthetho Wokuziphatha, indawo i-Soviet-analogu ka. Eyona utshintsho ibandakanye kwezoqoqosho yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nempahla yolwaphulo-mthetho. Zazinjalo engundoqo pitfalls ye-Soviet, ulwaphulo-Mthetho Wokuziphatha, njengoko uninzi ezinye izahluko baba sele ya ukuba correspond entsha Russian realities.
